Word.ws English Dictionary

-and

-and suffix: used to form the present participle of verbs, equivalent to -ing.

Suffix (1)

-and

  1. (Scotland, dialectal) Used to form the present participle of verbs, equivalent to -ing.
    • livand, nurischand, ravand, snipand, goand
  2. (now rarely productive) A suffix of Anglo-Saxon origin forming adjectives from verbs analogous to -ing.
    • waniand, blatant, blicant, farrand, flippant, gainand, rampant, trippant, warkand

Suffix (2)

-and

  1. A suffix forming nouns denoting patients (i.e., recipients of actions), such as compiland.
    Synonyms:
    -end, -ee, -ed

Synonyms of -and

Antonyms

Forms of -and

alternative form-ant
alternative form-nd
alternative form-on
alternative form-end

Origin of -and

From Middle English -and, -end, -ant, -nd, from Old English -ende, -ande, present participle ending of verbs, and -end, -nd, agent ending, both from Proto-West Germanic *-andī, from Proto-Germanic *-andz (present participle suffix), from Proto-Indo-European *-onts. More at -ing.

From Latin gerundive termination -andus, -endus. More at -end.

Questions about -and

What does -and mean?
-and means used to form the present participle of verbs, equivalent to -ing.
What part of speech is -and?
-and is a suffix.

Words near -and in the dictionary

  1. -an
  2. -ana
  3. -ance
  4. -ances
  5. -ancy
  6. -and
  7. -ander
  8. -andrian
  9. -androus
  10. -andry
  11. -ane

Source and license

Adapted from Wiktionary: -and (page history and authors). Text available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 license. Word.ws reformatted the entry and added links. Wiktionary data of 2026-09-02.

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Cite this entry: “-and.” Word.ws, https://word.ws/-and. Based on Wiktionary, CC BY-SA 4.0.