engross

Verb

engross (third-person singular simple present engrosses, present participle engrossing, simple past and past participle engrossed)

1. (transitive) To write (a document) in large, aesthetic, and legible lettering; to make a finalized copy of.
   • This envelope had the air of an official record of some period long past, when clerks engrossed their stiff and formal chirography on more substantial materials than at present.1850, Nathaniel Hawthorne, “The Custom-house. Introductory to ‘The Scarlet Letter.’”, in The Scarlet Letter, a Romance, Boston, Mass.: Ticknor, Reed, and Fields, →OCLC, page 34
   • laws that may be engrossed upon a finger nail1846, Thomas De Quincey, “On Christianity, as an Organ of Political Movement”, in Tait’s Edinburgh Magazine
2. (obsolete, transitive) To buy up wholesale, especially to buy the whole supply of (a commodity etc.).

   Synonyms:

   corner the market

3. (transitive) To monopolize; to concentrate (something) in the single possession of someone, especially unfairly.
   • After which time the Popes of Rome, engroſſing what they pleas'd of Politicall rule into their owne hands, extended their dominion over mens eyes, as they had before over their judgements, burning and prohibiting to be read, what they fanſied not; […]1644, John Milton, Areopagitica; a Speech of Mr. John Milton for the Liberty of Unlicenc’d Printing, to the Parlament of England, London: [s.n.], →OCLC, page 7
   • The Coral Islands are principally visited by the pearl-shell fishermen, who arrive in small schooners, carrying not more than five or six men. For a long while the business was engrossed by Merenhout, the French Consul at Tahiti, but a Dutchman by birth, who, in one year, is said to have sent to...1847 March 30, Herman Melville, Omoo: A Narrative of Adventures in the South Seas; […], London: John Murray, […], →OCLC
4. (transitive) To completely engage the attention of; to involve.
   • She seems to be completely engrossed in that book.
   • Having made a few vain attempts at engrossing my attention in my book, I was obliged to let myself be carried away by the impetuous torrent of the squire's eloquence.1886, Peter Christen Asbjø￵rnsen, translated by H.L. Brækstad, Folk and Fairy Tales, page 250

   Synonyms:

   enwrap, wrap

5. (obsolete, transitive) To thicken; to condense.
   • As, when a foggy miſt hath ouercaſt / The face of heuen, and the cleare ayre engroſte, / The world in darkenes dwels, […]1590, Edmund Spenser, “Book III, Canto IV”, in The Faerie Queene. […], London: […] [John Wolfe] for William Ponsonbie, →OCLC, stanza 13, page 447

   Synonyms:

   inspissate, condense, incrassate, reduce, thick, thicken

6. (obsolete, transitive) To make gross, thick, or large; to thicken; to increase in bulk or quantity.
   • The waues thereof ſo ſlow and ſluggiſh were, / Engroſt with mud, which did them fowle agriſe, / That euery weighty thing they did vpbeare, / Ne ought mote euer ſinck downe to the bottom there.1590, Edmund Spenser, “Book II, Canto VI”, in The Faerie Queene. […], London: […] [John Wolfe] for William Ponsonbie, →OCLC, stanza 46, page 269
   • Not ſleeping to ingroſſe his idle body, / But praying to inrich his watchfull ſoule.c. 1593 (date written), [William Shakespeare], The Tragedy of King Richard the Third. […] (First Quarto), London: […] Valentine Sims [and Peter Short] for Andrew Wise, […], published 1597, →OCLC...
7. (obsolete) To amass.
   • Percy is but my factor, good my Lord, / To engroſſe vp glorious deeds on my behalfe.c. 1597 (date written), [William Shakespeare], The History of Henrie the Fourth; […], quarto edition, London: […] P[eter] S[hort] for Andrew Wise, […], published 1598, →OCLC, [Act III, scene ii]

   Synonyms:

   amound, hoard, amass, get up, intreasure, niggard, packrat, rathole, squirrel away, uphoard