extramedullary

Adjective

extramedullary (not comparable)

1. Outside of the bone marrow, as with extramedullary hematopoiesis.
   • Extramedullary hematopoiesis (EMH) is a rare disorder, defined as the appearance of hematopoietic elements outside the bone marrow or peripheral blood. The most common sites of EMH are liver and spleen, but it has been documented in other organs such as the mediastinum, lymph nodes, breast, and...2018, Abdulla MA, Yassin MA, Abdelrazek M, Mudawi D, Ibrahim F, Soliman DS, ElOmri H, Nashwan AJ, Fernihough L, De Sanctis V, Soliman AT, “A persistent cough as atypical clinical presentation of...

   Antonyms:

   intramedullary, medullary, medullo-

2. Outside of the medulla oblongata, as with extramedullary influences on control of ventilation.
   • As no complete study has been made of reflex response to stimulation of ipsilateral vagus in regard to extramedullary respiratory control system, the authors have tried to clarify the influence of the stimulation of the vagus on the ipsilateral posterior cricoarytenoid muscle (PCA).1976, Fukuda H, Akitaya T, Kirchner JA, “Evoked response in the posterior cricoarytenoid to stimulation of the ipsilateral vagus”, in Keio Journal of Medicine, volume 25, number 3, →PMID, pages...

   Antonyms:

   intramedullary, medullary, medullo-

3. Outside of the renal medulla, as with extramedullary electrolytes or renal tissue.
   • Similar mechanisms likely underlie the expression of relevant transporters and/or enzymes for the alternative nonperturbing osmolytes (11,12,35) in renal medullary tubular cells. Osmotic induction of AR2 and MI transport has also been described in extramedullary renal cells and in nonrenal cells...1993, Henry DN, Del Monte M, Greene DA, Killen PD, “Altered aldose reductase gene regulation in cultured human retinal pigment epithelial cells”, in Journal of Clinical Investigation, volume 92...

   Antonyms:

   intramedullary, medullary, medullo-

4. Outside of the spinal cord, as with intrameningeal but extramedullary tissues of the central nervous system.
   • This paper reports on neoplastic disease of the spine and spinal cord. Spinal tumors are often categorized as extradural, intradural–extramedullary, or intramedullary in location. This classification represents somewhat of an over-generalization for two reasons. First, a given lesion may reside in...1991, G Sze, M Twohig, “Neoplastic disease of the spine and spinal cord”, in Scott W. Atlas, editors, Magnetic Resonance Imaging of the Brain and Spine, →ISBN, pages 921–966
   • MR imaging revealed isolated intradural-extramedullary involvement (n = 9), isolated intramedullary involvement (n = 3), combined intradural-extramedullary and intramedullary involvement (n = 3), and/or syringomyelia caused by infection and associated with chronic spinal arachnoiditis (n = 2).1997, CC Leite, JR Jinkins, BE Escobar, AC Magalhães, GC Gomes, G Dib, SA Vargas, C Zee, AT Watanabe, “MR imaging of intramedullary and intradural-extramedullary spinal cysticercosis”, in American...

   Antonyms:

   intramedullary, medullary, medullo-