folium

Noun

folium (countable and uncountable, plural foliums or folia)

1. (rare) A leaf.
   • 278.0 common walnut-tree folium1994, Tamás Fazekas, Béla Selmeczi, Pál Stefanovits, Magnesium in Biological Systems, page 281
   • In conclusion, under the recommended use conditions Uva-ursi folium is a safe therapeutic option for treating lower urinary tract infections.2013, Susana Garcia de Arriba, Belal Naser, and Klaus-Ulrich Nolte, “Risk Assessment of Free Hydroquinone Derived from Arctostaphylos Uva-ursi folium Herbal Preparations”, in International Journal of...
2. A leaf (2 pages) of a codex or manuscript.
   • But Barwick and Robinson both investigated V, and inform us that V leaves almost a full folium vacant (only the first two lines of folium 227 being occupied by the text before the lacuna).1979, California Studies in Classical Antiquity - Volume 12, page 225
   • However, the columns of the uncial manuscripts should be seen as elements in a text block on the folium for they betray the cannons in vogue for writing the codex as it is possible to verify from a continuing tradition.2001, Alan David Crown, Samaritan Scribes and Manuscripts, page 74
3. A document that acts as the legal record of a transaction.
   • Giving tallies was a royal mode of contracting debts by our early sovereigns, as Exchequer bills have been the means of raising loans in our times: indeed, the Exchequer bill was the counter-tally, or folium of the tally; and the court of Exchequer has existed in its late order since the days of...1834 November 8, “Tallies”, in The Mirror of Literature, Amusement, and Instruction, number 690, page 326
   1. (especially) A certificate of title.
      • There may nevertheless be a separate certificate and folium for any derived estate deed.1872, Registration of Title (Australian Colonies), page 6464
      • When this occurs, the existing declaration of title or conveyance is cancelled, the existing folium of the record closed, a fresh declaration of title issued to the new proprietor, and a new folium opened in the record book, upon which are carried forward the memorials of all lesser estates...1872, Edward Jenkins, Discussions on Colonial Questions, page 59
4. A thin sheet or plate of a foliated rock or mineral.
   • By varying the supposed angle of the tilt, our previously inclined folia can be thrown into any angle between 26 degrees, which is the least possible angle, and 90 degrees; but if a small inclination be thus given to them, their point of dip will depart far from the north, and therefore not accord...1846, Charles Darwin, Geological Observations on South America
   • The folia of quartz are longer, thinner, and more uniform in thickness.1887, Charles Callaway, “A Preliminary Inquiry into the Genesis of the Crystalline Schists of the Mavern Hills”, in The Quarterly Journal of the Geological Society of London, page 529
5. A lobe on a branching structure.
   • The folia of these project considerably beyond the level of the soft cœnenchyma, and produce a very rugose appearance.1906, John Arthur Thomson, William Dawson Henderson, James J. Simpson, An Account of the Alcyonarians Collected by the Royal Indian Marine Survey Ship Investigator in the Indian Ocean, page 230
   • The folium represents the second largest gross morphologic unit of the human kidney in those protolobes that are undivided and the third largest unit in subdivided protolobes in which the lobes are present.1988, Gábor Inke, The Protolobar Structure of the Human Kidney, page 375
   1. A leaf-like protrusion or lobule on one of the vermes of the cerebellum.
      • The vermis portion of lobule C₃ remains small, and still consists of only one folium.1904, The Journal of Anatomy and Physiology, Normal and Pathological, page 465
      • These diverge so sharptly from each other that they almost form a right angle with the parent stem, and they run parallel to the long axis of the folium, threading their way between the branches of the various dendritic planes of the cells of Purkinje and entering into contact association with them.1905, Daniel John Cunningham, Text-book of anatomy, page 514
6. A curve of the third order, consisting of two infinite branches having a common asymptote. The curve has a double point, and a leaf-shaped loop.
   • These circular cubics are Newton's defective hyperbolae, with a diameter, species 39, 41, 45; the ampullate cubic represents the folium of the unipartite quartic, and the ampaniform the bipartite quartic.1881, Henry M. Jeffery, “On Bicircular Quartics, with a Triple and Double Focus, and Three Single Foci, all of them Collinear.”, in Proceedings of the London Mathematical Society, volume 12, page 22
   • I have argued that the real threat the Unruh effect poses to fundamental partical interpretation lies in its suggestion that physically reasonable states outrun the folium of any single irreducible Fock space representation.2011, Laura Ruetsche, Interpreting Quantum Theories, page 222
7. (uncountable) Synonym of turnsole (“purple dye”).
   • Folium is thus described . "Folium is used for dying cloths and is a red colour, and another kind is purple, and another is blue.1847, Theophilus (Presbyter), An essay upon various arts, tr., with notes, by R. Hendrie, page 58
   • The "folium" of the Greek illuminators was procured from plants growing abudantly near Athens, while that of the Hiberno-Saxon Scribes was obtained from the "norma" or "gorma" of the Celts.1860, William Robert Tymms, M. Digby Wyatt, The Art of Illuminating as Practised in Europe from the Earliest Times, page 68

   Synonyms:

   turnsole

8. A symmetric pattern on the abdomen of some spiders.
   • The folium of silvatica has a row of oblique black markings along the edge on each side, while in angulata it is evenly notched.1885, James Henry Emerton, New England Spiders of the Family Therididae - Volume 6, page 298
   • Abdomen subovate to subtriangular, longer than wide, dorsum with an inverted Christmas tree-like folium of brown and chalk-white bands, cardiac area brown, serving as Christmas tree base.1995, A. T. Barrion, J. A. Litsinger, Riceland Spiders of South and Southeast Asia, page 631