quadrature

Noun

quadrature (countable and uncountable, plural quadratures)

1. The process of making something square; squaring.
2. The act or process of constructing a square that has the same area as a given plane figure, or of computing that area.
   • Craige was then on the point of publishing a short tract wherein he expounded a systematic (if far from general) 'Method of determining the quadrature of figures comprehended by straight lines and curves', there gathering a variety of techniques of rational algebraic quadrature and...1976, D. T. Whiteside (editor), The Mathematical Papers of Isaac Newton, Volume 7: 1691-1695, Cambridge University Press, page 3
3. (numerical analysis) The calculation of a definite integral by numerical means.
   • Three types of SINC quadratures are surveyed for the evaluation of Cauchy principal value integrals ∫_ΓF(t)dt/(t-x), x∈Γ, where Γ is an arc in the complex plane. Under suitable assumptions on F, the quadrature errors are of order O(e), where N is the number of quadrature nodes and c is a constant...1992, Bernard Bielecki, SINC Quadratures for Cauchy Principal Value Integrals, T.O. Espelid, Alan Genz, Springer, Numerical Integration: Recent Developments, Software and Applications, page 81
   • In this chapter, we present some example applications of the Gaussian quadrature methods discussed in the previous chapters.[…]Figure 4.1 shows the accuracy of the polynomial Gaussian quadratures used to evaluate the first two integrals as a function of N.2011, Narayan Kovvali, Theory and Applications of Gaussian Quadrature Methods, Morgan & Claypool, page 37
4. The act or process of solving an indefinite integral by symbolic means.
5. A situation in which the directions of two celestial bodies (or a celestial body and the Sun) form a right angle from the perspective of the observer.
   • When the Moon is in quadrature, it appears in the sky as a half-moon.
6. The condition in which the phase angle between two alternating quantities is 90°.
   • If ν_(IN) has 50% duty-cycle, then the outputs are in quadrature.2008, Luis B. Oliveira, Jorge R. Fernandes, Igor M. Filanovsky, Chris J. M. Verhoeven, Manuel M. Silva, Analysis and Design of Quadrature Oscillators, Springer, page 33
   • The total mmf in a synchronous machine may be split up into two components—one along the pole axis or direct axis and the other at right angles to this or the quadrature axis.[…]In the case of salient pole construction, however, the reluctances of the magnetic circuits on which the mmfs act are...2011, M. V. Deshpande, Electrical Machines, PHI Learning, page 315
7. A painting painted on a wooden panel.