Word.ws English Dictionary

abate

/əˈbeət/UK/əˈbeɪt/

abate verb: to lessen (something) in force or intensity; to moderate.

Verb (1)

abate (third-person singular simple present abates, present participle abating, simple past and past participle abated)

  1. (transitive) To lessen (something) in force or intensity; to moderate.
    • [Jupiter] whiche by his goodnes as Marcianus ſaieth, abateth the malice of Saturne. Therfore the Poets faine, that he did put his father out of his kingdome, Iſidore writeth as he abateth the malice of the euill Planets, […]1576, Gerard Legh, “Azure”, in The Accedens of Armory, London: […] Richard Tottel, →OCLC, folios 6, verso – 7, recto
    • Abate thy rage ſweete knight,
    • Abate thy rage.1599, [William Shakespeare], The Cronicle History of Henry the Fift, […] (First Quarto), London: […] Thomas Creede, for Tho[mas] Millington, and Iohn Busby, […], published 1600, →OCLC
  2. (transitive) To reduce (something) in amount or size.
    • Thou haſt dominion ouer their power, and when they be exalted & ſet aloft in their waies, thou abateſt their courage, and deſtroyeſt them with thy mighty arme.1599, [George Flinton, compiler and transl.], “Praiers for Svnneday, Containing Laudes, Praises & Thanks-giuing, for the Benefits that God hath Bestowed vpon Vs. [A Psalme in which the Goodnesse of...
    • And receive into thy heart the instructions that I shall give thee now, and see that thou swerve not from them, nor abatest them a jot; for if thou observest them not, or departest in aught from them, thou wilt bring damnation upon thy soul; […]1814, Robert Southey, “Notes”, in Roderick the Last of the Goths, London: […] [F]or Longman, Hurst, Rees, Orme, and Brown, […], by James Ballantyne and Co. […], →OCLC, page cxi
    Synonyms:
    decrease, lessen
    Antonyms:
    enlarge, increase
    1. (transitive) To cut away or hammer down (material from metalwork, a sculpture, etc.) in such a way as to leave a figure in relief.
  3. (transitive) To lower (something) in price or value.
    • Few words drive a bargain with Peter Eskett. I never abate one farthing of my price; but then that price never asks more than a fair profit.1834, L[etitia] E[lizabeth] L[andon], chapter XVII, in Francesca Carrara. […], volume II, London: Richard Bentley, […], (successor to Henry Colburn), →OCLC, page 201
  4. (archaic, transitive) To demolish or level to the ground (a building or other structure).
    • […] the kyng of Scottes […] with all hys hoſte and power entered into Englande (and threw doune pyles) the .xxij. daye of August, and planted hys ſiege before the Caſtell of Norham, and ſore abated the walles.a. 1548 (date written), Edward Hall, Richard Grafton, “[The Triumphant Reigne of Kyng Henry the VIII.] The .V. Yere.”, in The Vnion of the Two Noble and Illustre Famelies of Lancastre & Yorke, […]...
  5. (archaic, transitive) To give no consideration to (something); to treat as an exception.
    • Abate throw at Nouum, and the whole world againe,
      Cannot picke out fiue ſuch, take each one in his vaine.c. 1595–1596 (date written), W. Shakespere [i.e., William Shakespeare], A Pleasant Conceited Comedie Called, Loues Labors Lost. […] (First Quarto), London: […] W[illiam] W[hite] for Cut[h]bert Burby...
    • Sir, he was not Scotch; and, abating his brutality, he was a very good maſter.1791, James Boswell, “[1772]”, in James Boswell, editor, The Life of Samuel Johnson, LL.D. […], volume I, London: […] Henry Baldwin, for Charles Dilly, […], →OCLC, page 353
  6. (archaic, figuratively, transitive) To dull (an edge, point, etc.); to blunt.
    • Abate the edge of traitors gracious Lord,
      That vvould reduce theſe bloudy daies againe,
      And make poore England vveepe in ſtreames of bloud, […]c. 1593 (date written), [William Shakespeare], The Tragedy of King Richard the Third. […] (First Quarto), London: […] Valentine Sims [and Peter Short] for Andrew Wise, […], published 1597, →OCLC...
    • Wherefore you ſhall obſerue that the more deepe, and ſober ſort of Politique perſons, in their Greatneſſe, are euer bemoaning themſelues, what a Life they lead; Chanting a Quanta patimur. Not that they feele it ſo, but onely to abate the Edge of Enuy.1625, Francis [Bacon], “Of Enuy. IX.”, in The Essayes […], 3rd edition, London: […] Iohn Haviland for Hanna Barret, →OCLC, pages 45–46
  7. (transitive) To make (a writ or other legal document) void; to nullify.
    • to abate a writ
  8. (transitive) To put an end to (a nuisance).
    • She was ordered by the court to abate the nuisance.
    • […] the law allows an extrajudicial remedy, yet that does not exclude the ordinary courſe of juſtice: […] I may either abate a nuſance by my own authority, or call upon the law to do it for me: […]1768, William Blackstone, “Of Courts in General”, in Commentaries on the Laws of England, book III (Of Private Wrongs), Oxford, Oxfordshire: […] Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 22
  9. (US, transitive) To dismiss or otherwise bring to an end (legal proceedings) before they are completed, especially on procedural grounds rather than on the merits.
  10. (obsolete, transitive) To curtail or end (something); to cause to cease.
    • to order restrictions to abate an emergency
  11. (obsolete, transitive) To give (someone) a discount or rebate; also, to relieve (someone) of a debt.
    • […] when I talk'd of a lodging I had heard of, nearer my business, for two shillings a week, which, intent as I now was on saving money, made some difference, she bid me not think of it, for she would abate me two shillings a week for the future; so I remained with her at one shilling and sixpence...1771–1790, Benjamin Franklin, “The Autobiography [Part 1]”, in John Bigelow, editor, Autobiography of Benjamin Franklin. […], Philadelphia, Pa.: J[oshua] B[allinger] Lippincott & Co., published 1868...
  12. (obsolete, transitive) To bring down (someone) mentally or physically; to lower (someone) in status.
    • He is honoured amonge theym that be honoured, that fortune abateth without faute: and he is shamed amonge theym that be shamed, that fortune inhanceth without merite.1534, John Bourchier, 2nd Baron Berners, The golden boke of Marcus Aurelius, page 132
    • Rules and axioms for preserving of a Kingdom.[…]If any great person to be abated, not to deal with him by calumniation or forged matter[…]1618, Sir Walter Raleigh, “Maxims of State”, in Remains of Sir Walter Raleigh, published 1669, page 27
    Synonyms:
    abase, depress, humble
Show 11 more meaningsShow fewer meanings
  1. (obsolete, transitive) Chiefly followed by from, of, etc.: to omit or remove (a part from a whole); to deduct, to subtract.
    • We will abate this price from the total.
    • Peter-pence succeeded; granted by Ina, king of the West Saxons, to pope Gregory II. anno 626. It was a penny paid for every chimney that smoked in England, which in that hospitable age had few smokeless ones; […] Now, though none can tell what these amounted to, yet conjecture may be made, by...1655, Thomas Fuller, “Section III. To the Right Worshipful Sir Richard Shugborough, of Shugborough in Warwickshire.”, in The Church-history of Britain; […], London: […] Iohn Williams […], →OCLC...
  2. (obsolete, transitive) Chiefly followed by of: to deprive (someone or something of another thing).
    • She hath abated me of halfe my traine,
      Lookt blacke vpon me, ſtrooke mee with her tongue
      Moſt Serpent-like vpon the very heart, […]c. 1603–1606 (date written), [William Shakespeare], […] His True Chronicle Historie of the Life and Death of King Lear and His Three Daughters. […] (First Quarto), London: […] Nathaniel Butter, […]...
    • But O Saint! be not thou an Epicure! If delight draw thy heart, thou loſeſt ſo much in delectation, as Religion; and abateſt thy Soul ſo much of Solace, as God of Service!1659, Philo-Christianus [pseudonym; William Brough], “A Service of the Pleasures of Piety, for Sunday or Other Day. [A Meditation of the Pleasures of Piety.]”, in Sacred Principles, Services and...
  3. (intransitive) To decrease in force or intensity; to subside.
    • […] Plini writeth, that the crueltie of the Ramme abateth, if he bee perced in the horne neare vnto the eare. For the chiefeſt parte of his ſtrength, is in his hedd, where he is well armed to fighte.1576, Gerard Legh, The Accedens of Armory, London: […] Richard Tottel, →OCLC, folio 53, verso
    • [folio 8, verso] For Winters wrath beginnes to quell,
      And pleaſant ſpryng appeareth. […] [folio 10, recto] Gloss. […] To quell) to abate.1579, Immeritô [pseudonym; Edmund Spenser], “March. Ægloga Tertia.”, in The Shepheardes Calender: […], London: […] Hugh Singleton, […], →OCLC, folio 10, recto
    Synonyms:
    decline, ebb, slacken, soften, wane
  4. (intransitive) To decrease in amount or size.
    • And the waters returned from aboue the earth, going and returning: and after the end of the hundreth and fiftieth day the waters abated.1560, [William Whittingham et al., transl.], The Bible and Holy Scriptures Conteyned in the Olde and Newe Testament. […] (the Geneva Bible), Geneva: […] Rouland Hall, →OCLC, Genesis VIII:3, folio 4...
    • […] the same greatness of wealth is for the most part not collected and obtained without sucking it from many, according to the received similitude of the spleen, which never swelleth but when the rest of the body pineth and abateth.a. 1627 (date written), Francis Bacon, “Of the True Greatness of the Kingdom of Britain”, in James Spedding, Robert Leslie Ellis, and Douglas Denon Heath, editors, The Works of Francis Bacon, […]...
  5. (intransitive) To lower in price or value; (law) specifically, of a bequest in a will: to lower in value because the testator's estate is insufficient to satisfy all the bequests in full.
    • Bequests and legacies are liable to be abated entirely or in proportion, upon a deficiency of assets.
    • And in the caſe of a deficiency of aſſets, all the general legacies muſt abate proportionably, in order to pay the debts; but a ſpecific legacy (of a piece of plate, a horſe, or the like) is not to abate at all, or allow any thing by way of abatement, unleſs there be not ſufficient without it.1766, William Blackstone, “Of Title by Testament, and Administration”, in Commentaries on the Laws of England, book II (Of the Rights of Things), Oxford, Oxfordshire: […] Clarendon Press, →OCLC...
  6. (archaic, figuratively, intransitive) Of an edge, point, etc.: to become blunt or dull.
    • The third ſhild yelow, ſignifying the Barriers, and he that toucheth that ſhilde ſhalbee anſwered twelve ſtrokes at the Barriers, wyth the ſworde, edge and poynt abated.a. 1548 (date written), Edward Hall, Richard Grafton, “[The Triumphant Reigne of Kyng Henry the VIII.] The .XVI. Yere.”, in The Vnion of the Two Noble and Illustre Famelies of Lancastre & Yorke, […]...
  7. (historical, intransitive) Of a writ or other legal document: to become null and void; to cease to have effect.
    • The writ has abated.
    • But where the Writ abateth for default of the Clerk, as where it abateth for falſe Latin, or variance, or want of form, there the defendant ſhall have the benefit of a new Writ by Journeys Accompts, becauſe it was the fault of the Clerk of the Chancery, and not the fault of the defendant himſelf...1680, Edward Coke, “Where a Writ shall be Brought by Journeys Accompts. Hill. 45 Eliz. Rot. 36. in the Common Pleas. Spencer’s Case.”, in The Reports of Sir Edward Coke, Kt. […], 2nd edition, London...
  8. (US, intransitive) Of legal proceedings: to be dismissed or otherwise brought to an end before they are completed, especially on procedural grounds rather than on the merits.
    • […] in actions ariſing ex contractu, by breach of promiſe and the like, where the right deſcends to the repreſentatives of the plaintiff, and thoſe of the defendant have aſſets to anſwer the demand, though the ſuits ſhall abate by the death of the parties, yet they may be revived againſt or by the...1768, William Blackstone, “Of Pleading”, in Commentaries on the Laws of England, book III (Of Private Wrongs), Oxford, Oxfordshire: […] Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 302
  9. (intransitive, obsolete) To give a discount or rebate; to discount, to rebate.
  10. (intransitive, obsolete) To bow down; hence, to be abased or humbled.
  11. (intransitive, obsolete) Chiefly followed by of: to deduct or subtract from.
    • So toilsome was the road to trace,
      The guide, abating of his pace,
      Led slowly through the pass's jaws, […]1810, Walter Scott, “Canto V. The Combat.”, in The Lady of the Lake; […], Edinburgh: […] [James Ballantyne and Co.] for John Ballantyne and Co.; London: Longman, Hurst, Rees, and Orme, and William...
    • So then, weighing all things well, and myself severely, I resolved to follow my Mentor's wise counsel; neither arrogating aught, nor abating of just dues; but circulating freely, sociably, and frankly, among the gods, heroes, high-priests, kings, and gentlemen, that made up the principalities of...1849, Herman Melville, “Taji Takes Counsel with Himself”, in Mardi: And a Voyage Thither. […], volume I, New York, N.Y.: Harper & Brothers, […], →OCLC, pages 208–209

Noun (1)

abate (countable and uncountable, plural abates)

  1. (obsolete, uncountable) Abatement; reduction; (countable) an instance of this.
    • [Letter to Algernon Sidney dated 13 October 1681 (Julian calendar).] There are many things make a man's life uneasy in the world, which are great abates to the pleasure of living, but scarcely one equal to that of the unkindness or injustice of friends.1681 October 23, William Penn, chapter XIV, in Samuel M[acpherson] Janney, The Life of William Penn: With Selections from His Correspondence and Autobiography, 2nd edition, Philadelphia, Pa....
  2. (obsolete, uncountable) Deduction; subtraction; (countable) an instance of this.
    • That men weigh heavier dead than alive, if experiment hath not failed us, we cannot reaſonably grant. For though the triall hereof cannot ſo well be made on the body of Man, nor will the difference be ſenſible in the abate of ſcruples or dragmes, yet can we not confirm the ſame in leſſer animalls...1650, Thomas Browne, “Concerning Weight”, in Pseudodoxia Epidemica: […], 2nd edition, London: […] A[braham] Miller, for Edw[ard] Dod and Nath[aniel] Ekins, […], →OCLC, 4th book, page 167

Verb (2)

abate (third-person singular simple present abates, present participle abating, simple past and past participle abated)

  1. (ambitransitive, historical, obsolete) To enter upon and unlawfully seize (land) after the owner has died, thus preventing an heir from taking possession of it.
    • So, if Lands be given to Father and Son, and to the heirs of their two bodies begotten, the remainder over in fee, and afterwards the Father dieth without any Iſſue but the Son, and afterwards the Son dieth without Iſſue, and a Stranger abateth, he in the remainder ſhall have one Formedon in the...1680, Edward Coke, “Mich. 7 Jacobi. In the Common Pleas. Buckmere’s Case.”, in The Reports of Sir Edward Coke, Kt. […], 2nd edition, London: […] H. Twyford, […], →OCLC, part VI, pages 570–571

Noun (2)

abate (plural abates)

  1. (obsolete) An Italian abbot or other member of the clergy.

Adjective

abate (comparative more abate, superlative most abate)

  1. (obsolete) In the habit of.
    • He's gotten abate o' drinkin'.1889, Edward Peacock, A glossary of words used in the Wapentakes of Manley and Corringham, Lincolnshire, page 2

Proper noun capitalized: Abate

Abate (plural Abates)

  1. A surname from Italian.

abate meaning in Hindi, Tamil, Urdu and Malayalam

abate in Hindi

धीमा करना, धीमा होना, मध्यम करना, रोक देना, मन्द करना, शान्त करना

abate in Tamil

சட்டப்படி செல்லாததாக்கு, ரத்து செய், குறை, தணி, தாழ்த்து, தள்ளுபடிசெய்

abate in Urdu

گھٹنا, کم ہونا, خذف ہونا, تخفیف ہونا, گھٹانا, کم کرنا

abate in Malayalam

to abate, have relief, get cured, calm down
ശമിക്കുക śamikkuka
More languagesFewer languages
abate in Kannada
ಕುಗ್ಗು, ಕುಂದು, ತಗ್ಗು, ಕಡಮೆಯಾಗು
abate in Odia
କମିବା kamibā
abate in Sanskrit
स्फुट् sphuṭ
abate in Arabic
ضَعُفّ ḍaʕuff, أْضْعَفّ ʔḍʕaff
abate in Vietnamese
dịu đi, ram, đỡ, bớt

Examples of abate in a sentence

  • […] Lance, after having made some shew of helping him to his horse, ran back to tell his master the joyful intelligence, that a lucky accident had abated Chiffinch's party to their own number.1822, [Walter Scott], chapter IV, in Peveril of the Peak. […], volume III, Edinburgh: […] Archibald Constable and Co.; London: Hurst...
  • So long as the world lived by sense, and discourses of natural reason, as they were abated with human infirmities, and not at all heightened by the Spirit and divine revelation[…]1653, “Twenty-five Sermons Preached at Golden Grove; Being for the Winter Half-year, […]: Sermon IX. The faith and patience of the saints...
  • Three shillings and eightpence, your worship—I could not abate a penny and set forth the value honestly.1881, Mark Twain [pseudonym; Samuel Langhorne Clemens], “The Prince a Prisoner”, in The Prince and the Pauper: A Tale for Young People of...
  • And Moſes was an hundred and twentie yeeres olde when he died: his eye was not dimme, nor his naturall force abated.1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, Deuteronomy 34:7, column 1:

All 19 example sentences with abate

Synonyms of abate

30 more synonymsFewer synonyms

Antonyms

5 more antonymsFewer antonyms

All synonyms and antonyms of abate

Forms of abate

Verb
third-person singular presentabates
present participleabating
past participleabated
pastabated
second-person singular present (archaic)abatest
second-person singular past (archaic)abatedst
third-person singular present (archaic)abateth
Noun
pluralabates
alternative formabbate
Adjective
comparativemore abate
superlativemost abate
Proper noun
pluralAbates

Past tense of abate: abated

Origin of abate

From Middle English abaten, from Anglo-Norman abatre, from Late Latin abbattere, from Latin battere. detailed etymology, sense derivation, and cognates The verb is derived from Middle English abaten (“to demolish, knock down; to defeat, strike down; to strike or take down (a sail); to throw down; to bow dejectedly or submissively; to be dejected; to stop; to defeat, humiliate; to repeal (a law); to dismiss or quash (a lawsuit); to lessen, reduce; to injure, impair; to appease; to decline, grow less; to deduct, subtract; to make one’s way; attack (an enemy); (law) to enter or intrude upon (someone’s property); of a hawk: to beat or flap the wings”) [and other forms], from Anglo-Norman abater, abatier, abatre, abbatre, Middle French abattre, abatre, abattre, Old French abatre, abattre (“to demolish, knock down; to bring down, cut down; to lessen, reduce; to suppress; to stop; to discourage; to impoverish, ruin; to conquer; to overthrow; to kill; to remove (money) from circulation; (law) to annul”), from Late Latin abbattere (“to bring down, take down; to suppress; to debase (currency)”), from Latin ab- (prefix meaning ‘away; from; away from’) + Latin battere, from older battuere...

From Anglo-Norman abatre, probably an alteration of Anglo-Norman and Middle French embatre, enbatre (“to drive or rush into; to enter into a tenement without permission”) (compare Late Latin abatare), from Middle French, Old French em-, en- (prefix meaning ‘in, into’) + Middle French, Old French batre (“to beat, hit, strike”) (from Latin battere, battuere, the present active infinitive of battuō (“to beat, hit; to beat up; to fight”); see further at etymology 1). The English word was probably also influenced by the verb abate.

Borrowed from Italian abate (“abbot”), from Latin abbātem, the accusative singular of abbās (“abbot”), from Ancient Greek ἀββᾶς (abbâs), a variant of ἀββᾱ (abbā, “father; title of respect for an abbot”), from Aramaic אַבָּא (’abbā, “father; ancestor; teacher; chief, leader; author, originator”), from Proto-Semitic *ʔabw- (“father”), ultimately imitative of a child’s word for “father”. The English word is a doublet of abbot.

Words formed from abate

Words that rhyme with abate

48 more rhymesFewer rhymes

Questions about abate

What does abate mean?
Abate means to lessen (something) in force or intensity; to moderate.
What is abate in Hindi?
Abate in Hindi is धीमा करना, धीमा होना, मध्यम करना. See Abate meaning in Hindi.
How do you use abate in a sentence?
[…] Lance, after having made some shew of helping him to his horse, ran back to tell his master the joyful intelligence, that a lucky accident had abated Chiffinch's party to their own number.
What part of speech is abate?
Abate can be a verb, a noun, an adjective or a proper noun.
How do you pronounce abate?
Abate is pronounced /əˈbeɪt/ (UK).
What is the past tense of abate?
The past tense of abate is abated.

Words near abate in the dictionary

  1. abatable
  2. abatacept
  3. abatagati
  4. abatage
  5. abatages
  6. abate
  7. abate of
  8. abated
  9. abated of
  10. abatedst
  11. abatee

Source and license

Adapted from Wiktionary: abate (page history and authors); Abate (page history and authors); abate (Hindi Wiktionary) (page history and authors); abate (Tamil Wiktionary) (page history and authors); abate (Urdu Wiktionary) (page history and authors); ശമിക്കുക (Malayalam) (page history and authors); abate (Kannada Wiktionary) (page history and authors); କମିବା (Odia) (page history and authors); स्फुट् (Sanskrit) (page history and authors). Text available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 license. Word.ws reformatted the entry and added links. Wiktionary data of 2026-09-02.

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Pronunciation audio from Wikimedia Commons, each file under its own free license: En-us-abate.oga, en-ca-abate.ogg.

Cite this entry: “abate.” Word.ws, https://word.ws/abate. Based on Wiktionary, CC BY-SA 4.0.